Light of Peace

Most people who experience depression do not love themselves and do not feel loved by others. At the same time some people so focus on themselves that they destroy their attractiveness. As a result, they often sit passively, waiting to get someone who will love them. But love is probably not working that way. To get and sustain love, you must go out to expose and learn a variety of different skills.

There is a mythology in our culture that love is a coincidence. It's part of our cultural vulnerability, such as fast-food, constantly irritating pictures and instant satisfaction. So often we think this is love, while in reality this is is only a 'infatuation' or an erotic madness.

The result could be that when you stand in front of a real love, you feel confused and frustrated because there were so many that did not fit the cultural "ideal". Some of us become demanding and choosy , and we ask others to do what we believe in the ideals of romance without realizing that our ideal is probably unrealistic.

Therefore it is not only possible but necessary to change one's perspective to see the love in his life.

Some simple suggestions include:

* Recognize the difference between sex and love. Love often exists in a state of intense erotic madness. It is beautiful but rarely lasts. Love is often the first stage of mad attraction where all the hormones go up and you feel the life is so beautiful. This state usually lasts for, on the average, six months. This may lead to love. Most love stories emanate from love, but many stories of crazy love do not develop a deep love.

* Realize that love is a learned skill and not something caused by hormones. The Erich Fromm calls it "an act of will. It is important to learn the skills to love because it will feel to be linked with other person, that you love. This reduces the chances of experiencing failures and depression.

* Learn proper communication skills. It allows you to develop confidence and strengthen your connection with your loved one. The more you communicate the better understanding you will develop..

* There are always some basic differences between two people regardless of how close they feel. If the relationship goes well, these differences go to the background. Therefore, the issue is to strengthen one of these differences and negotiate so as not to become a distraction for the other. This is done to fully grasp the roots of others. When these differences are known you will have to negotiate and settle upon them to find common ground for better functionality.

* Be willing to help. Depression keeps people so focused on the self. The more you concentrate on the other, the more you learn to respond to their needs and better contribute to your relationship.

* Expand the capacity to adapt easily to a common reality. The reality of the beloved needs you to be informed as yours. What do I need? People with depression feel that the only reality is their pessimistic view.

* Questioning yourself with the internal messages of personal failure. Sensitivity to rejection is a primary symptom of depression. As a result of low self-esteem, relationship is interpreted as a personal failure.

This is how love can remove your depression and promote inner peace within yourself

Saddam Hussain, the former ruler of Iraq, was a dictator of his own kind with no parallel in the modern world. He gained power in Iraq through his political ‘Ba’ath Party’. After assuming power he suppressed his people through the use of ruthless force and brute techniques. The ‘Shiite’ Muslims, though being in majority, were denied their political and religious rights and were always kept away from power. They were not even allowed to celebrate their religious rituals of “Aashur’ in the holy city of Karbala. Similarly the Kurd population in the north Iraq was victimized. They were targeted and bombarded with brute use of force. The Kurds were even subject to the genocide by employing chemical weapons against their civilian population centers. The intelligence network of Saddam was so dreadful and effective that no one in the country could escape its wrath. The voices of dissent were crushed immediately by eliminating the opponents, even if they were from his family and clan.

Saddam attacks Iran

The political party of Saddam Hussain, ‘Ba’ath Party’ that was in power, had a socialist orientation. Hence neither his party nor Saddam Hussain himself had to do anything with Islam or Islamic ideology. Till second Gulf War, the posture of Saddam Hussain was that of a pure secular dictator; however during the war he amended his profile to display as a champion of Islam, just to attract the sympathies of the Muslim world.He invariably got himself photographed while sitting on a mat and saying prayers. At times he would compare himself with Saladin, the great Muslim leader who fought Crusades with the Christian armies of Europe in 10^th century. All this was a pseudo behavior as his actions never matched with the values and teachings of Islam. Despite his inhuman behavior and policies, Saddam Hussain was continuously pampered by the West. It is so unfortunate that the western democratic countries vehemently supported a dictator like Saddam, just to fulfill their own aims. A huge amount of military aid was provided to Iraq to make her army as a formidable force to face the Iranian Islamic revolutionary state. The result was obvious. Saddam Hussain attacked Iran in 1980 without any provocation but was supported by the West. Imbued with the spirit of patriotism and inspired the revolutionary teachings of their leader. Ayatulla Khomeni, the whole Iranian nation put up a formidable resistance and achieved success against Iraq, despite heavy odds.

The Gulf War 1991

Saddam Hussain then planned to capture Kuwait in 1990. He based his strategy on the assumption that the West, particularly the Americans will not interfere militarily with his adventure. It is yet not clear to the political and military analysts as to how Saddam could commit such a blunder without taking his benefactors ie the West, into confidence. One opinion is that the Americans themselves prompted Saddam to take this action so that they may have an excuse to interfere and then station their forces permanently in the Middle East. Whatever the case may have been, Saddam Hussain invaded Kuwait and occupied it virtually without any resistance. This adventure directly threatened UAE, Behrain, Qatar and even Saudi Arabia. It seemed as if Saddam Hussain was out on a winning spree in order to become the master of the richest lands of the world. Obviously the whole world opinion turned against Saddam and wanted to get rid of this menace. The military alliance created under the leadership of the US was unprecedented. It comprised troops from not only the Western countries but the significant Arab countries like Egypt, Syria, UAE and Saudi Arabia also contributed their troops. Even Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan sent their troops to fight against Iraq as the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq was being seen as a naked aggression and was to be undone at all cost. Israel was however kept out of war due to political reasons.

The Operation Desert Sabre was virtually a walk over. It was a one-sided battle that broke the myth of Saddam’s military strength. The Iraqi army suffered casualties like sitting ducks. Saddam never used his air force and chemical weapons which he had been threatening to use. The surface to surface Scud missiles proved to be total failure. Most of these missiles were neutralized by the under cover agents of the UK even before the war. The battle became a testing ground for the most sophisticated weapons held by the Western countries which played havoc with the Iraqis, destroying every target with precision and impunity. The morale of Iraqi army descended to its lowest ebb. Most of the soldiers surrendered without fighting. They sold their weapons in Kuwait city to get the fare for their journey back home. Iraqi army even could not carry out a planned withdrawal from Kuwait. The road from Kuwait to Baghdad was littered with the destroyed Iraqi tanks, vehicles and dead soldiers. After having 15000 Iraqi soldiers and 45000 Iraqi civilians dead, Saddam Hussain ordered cease fire and withdrawal from Kuwait.

Aftermath of the War and Strategic Blunder of the Allies

The plan of the allied forces was to retake Kuwait from the Iraqi possession. It was a very limited and short term aim and had its own consequences. The larger strategic aim should have been to remove Saddam Hussain from power. By then it was proved beyond doubt that he was a war criminal at international level and a cruel ruler who had been massacring his own people with impunity. Even George Bush, the then president of the US had declared ‘Saddam as worst than Hitler’. If that was the case, then why were the Iraqi people, the Middle East and the world as a whole left at the mercy of Saddam? The US could have very easily helped Iraqi people to replace the tyrant dictator with a democratic set up as the whole world was having a consensus on this. Had this been done back in 1991, the world would have been different today. The US misconstrued the aftermath of war and thought that the people of Iraq would themselves remove Saddam Hussain from power as no ruler can stay in power after such humiliation. That analysis of the situation was against the ground realities. The nations, whose ego, liberty, personal respect, freedom of expression and freedom of thought is crushed over a prolonged period of time, can never think of rising up to face a dictator in order to get their rights. Only the nations can stand up to face their cruel ruler and usurpers who have the life and spark left in them. Some analysts say that the Americans spared Saddam Hussain purposely so that he could again be used for some malicious plans in the future. But that time never came.

Conclusion

Saddam Hussain remained in power for the next about 13 years. He neither played any positive role nor did he prove useful for the West for his remaining period in power, till we saw the dawn of year 2003 and with it the America’s war on Iraq. Now after seven years of fighting in Iraq, what has the American nation gained or lost, is writing on the wall. The big question is: Did sparing of Saddam Hussain in 1991 help the promotion of global peace or otherwise? The answer is left to the political analysts. However the lesson learn t is that the strategic decisions taken by the super powers always have lasting effects on the world peace.

Nelson Mandela was the person who led his people the freedom. He rose above his personal interests and always kept the interest of his nation as supreme. He was offered attractive incentives as a price of his loyalty and sincerity but he never scummed to those offers. He preferred a prolonged imprisonment over the freedom that was over shadowed with a tinge of slavery. He knew that if he spends his prime age in the prison, his people will have the taste of freedom, and he proved that. This was the forces of his character that carried him along despite heavy odds.

A leader of his unique standing, Nelson Mandela had a deep insight for the regional and global affairs. Many a times he would spread pearls of wisdom during his speeches and informal talks. He was a great proponent of African unity and its freedom. Once he said,” I dream of the realization of the unity of Africa, whereby its leaders combine in their efforts to solve the problems of this continent. I dream of our vast deserts, of our forests, of all our great wildernesses.

Apart from having a knowledge of geo-political scenario, Nelson Mandela had a thorough understanding of the human nature and psychology. He is quoted to have said.” I learned that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear”. Realizing the importance of education for making progress in today’s world he says,” Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.

After having achieved the fist phase of his objectives, Nelson Mandela did not cling to the power, as most of leaders do, rather he retired from active politics happily and handed over the reins of leadership to the younger generations. However despite taking a relief, the personality of Nelson Mandela serves as a beacon of knowledge, guidance and peace and will remain so for decades to come.

Unfortunately Sri Lanka got involved in a prolonged counter insurgency war against Tamil Tigers (LTTE), a faction of their own who started war against the central authority of Sri Lanka. This war continued for about twenty six years and took an heavy toll of life, property and the economy of the country. As Sri Lanka depended heavily on other countries for her defense needs, they had to import even the pistol bullets fro abroad. India helped them by sending a peacekeeping contingent in 1980s which failed and had to return back. Pakistan cooperated with Sri Lanka by imparting training to officers of Sri Lankan army and has been providing them defense equipment on credit. The war against terror organization LTTE ended with a total victory of Sri Lankan Army

In order to further improve their economic and defense situation, Sri Lanka has now looked towards Iran who has responded positively. Both the countries have started a new era of mutual cooperation in economic development. Both countries have been giving joint statements regarding nuclear non proliferation. Sri Lanka has recently given statement that Iran has the right to acquire nuclear technology for its energy production. Since 2008 a number of mutual visits have been carried out by the delegations of both the countries and given statements stressing the need of improving bilateral relations. Of late Iran has agreed to extend low interest loans to Sri Lanka for purchase of defense hardware. Iran has also offered to train Sri Lankan military and intelligence officers. Iran has recently signed three MOUs with Sri Lanka with a view to improving trade. At present Iran provides crude oil that meets 80 % of the requirement of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has suggested establishing a nuclear power plant by 2030 for which technical help will be sought from Iran

Iran and Sri Lanka have very few things in common; no common borders, no common religion, culture or language and no common enemy. The boosting up of the mutual relationship seems to be for mutual development and peace. As a foreign minister of Sri Lanka had remarked while on visit to Iran, "ours is a friendship based on mutual trust and understanding…Iran is sincerely committed to the development of Sri Lanka, whom we consider to be a true friend." This proves that bilateral relations can be established without any prejudice to the interests of other countries. This is what the aim in international relations should be ie to promote global peace, not at the expense of others.

One of the questions that haunts the peace lovers is that can the world communities coexist mutually with peace despite piling up of nuclear arsenal around them? Unfortunately the history provides the answer in affirmative. We are not at all in favor of countries possessing nuclear weapons, but at least as an interim measure it seems a rather plausible solution to create a sense of security, howsoever it may be a false one.

Testimonies from survivors of the two times nuclear weapons that have been used in World War II are stories of unimaginable cruelty and suffering. Charred corpses, eyes that melted out of the skull and powdered human bodies were results of just some of the atomic bombs the Americans dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. Nuclear weapons have been improved since then. Any full scale nuclear war would result in casualties that may be in millions, if not billions and an unlimited destruction of mankind.

The capability of nuclear weapons to unleash total destruction is still the most plausible reason why they have not yet been used.The fear of nuclear war can be seen as the guarantor of the peace that has prevailed between the world's major powers since World War II. Without nuclear weapons the world would probably have been a dangerous place to live.

Balance of Terror - The Cold Peace

With the exception of the first years after the nuclear weapons were developed by the United States, the world in the nuclear age was characterized by less uncertainty. Terror balance between NATO and the Soviet Union, a situation in which there was no doubts about both sides' ability to annihilate the other, urged the parties to do everything they could to avoid war. Cuba missile crisis of 962 is a good example. Had this been a crisis between the two conventional forces, it could soon have developed into a bloody war. The two countries being nuclear power if went to full fledged war would have meant an inevitable counterattack and thus a catastrophic consequences for one's own country and people would have followed. it has been emphasized by analysts that the period between the World War II and fall of the Berlin wall should not be named as the era of cold war, rather a more suitable name would be the cold peace.

Example of India and Pakistan

There is also a good reason to believe that relations between India and Pakistan would have been much more unstable and strained, had both countries not been nuclear powers. Even if India were a nuclear power and Pakistan were not, the balance of power would have severely tilted in favor of India, thereby putting the whole region in a very dangerous situation. In 1998 both countries came to the brink of a full fledged war on Kargil issue, but thanks to the nuclear weapons held by both, the catastrophe was averted. Similarly in 2001 when the Indian parliament in New Delhi was attacked by a few gunmen, the Indian government mobilized their forces and deployed all along the Pakistan border. As a reaction Pakistan also deployed its forces. The armed forces of both countries remained in eyeball to eyeball contact for about one year. However not a single shot was fired from either side, again due to fear of a possible nuclear escalation.

Iraq Catastrophe

Kashmir, a land locked hilly state, with a predominant Muslim population, is a disputed territory between India and Pakistan. The unification of the territory either with India or Pakistan is yet to be decided through a plebiscite in the light of UN Security Council Resolutions of 1948. The Kashmir dispute has been a major cause of three wars fought between India and Pakistan since the creation of both the countries in 1947. As both the countries are now nuclear powers, this unresolved dispute is a potential flash point and a serious threat to the global peace.

The Kashmir dispute has to resolved by the mutual consent of India , Pakistan and the people of Kashmir. So far no serious progress has been made in this direction. Despite the claim of Indian government that Kashmir is an integral part of India and that there is no problem in Kashmir and that the problems in Kashmir like insurgency were due to the cross-border terrorism from Pakistan side, the situation in Kashmir has never calmed down and is still volatile. On behest of the US, a large number of organizations suspected by India for their involvement in insurgent attacks like Lashkar e Tueba etc have been banned by Pakistan since long. India is keeping more than half million troops in Kashmir which comprise about 50 % of the total Indian army strength. The border ( line of control) with Pakistan has been sealed effectively by India and the Indian authorities have admitted that there has been a sharp decline in the ‘terrorist attacks’ inside Kashmir over the past many years. Despite all this the people of Kashmir are not willing to accept the Indian rule. The stone-pelting youth, the women and the children have effectively attracted the attention of international media. The world community has now correctly recognized that Kashmir's movement for freedom is purely indigenous and is gaining impetus without any foreign provocation support.

The government of India now seems to be taking the situation in Kashmir seriously which is a very rare phenomenon. However the efforts to maintain peace in Kashmir will be fruitful only if the stock of the situation is taken in its true perspective. The right of self determination cannot be denied to the people of Kashmir for long. India is expected to play its role in a constructive and positive manner, so that a long outstanding dispute can be resolved peacefully and regional / global peace is not kept hostage to the whims of a few politicians.

The first question is precisely what we mean by the term "war" because the answer to this question affects the whole matter concerning the rules that govern it. War is an act of force, violence that has the characteristic of being desired by the states. Robbery, murder are violent acts that are prohibited by the laws of the state (or community or other equivalent entity). The war is violence but it does not only admits to be as such but also orders the other organs of the state to implement it.. The murderer is punished, but the warrior who kills thousand souls in war is rewarded. The bitter fact is that the one who kill a man is a murderer, but whoever kills a thousand (in war) is a hero.

Even the most primitive communities well distinguished between the two cases in which violence is committed against the law (usually within the context of a group) and the violence committed against the rival groups (tribes, clans). In primitive societies where the state organization was in the embryonic stage,the clashes between the groups generally continued relentlessly and all men were supposed to be warriors. There is thus a clear distinction between war and peace and between civil and military.

From this fact it is often misunderstood that the war emerged with the civilizations. In fact, the armed struggles have unfortunately always accompanied human history, although there are periods and civilizations more bellicose and other more peaceful. We can say with more perfection that with the development of civilization, the practice of war became more organized. The special categories of men engaged in this activity of war were termed as military, exactly as some of them are born artisans, musicians, merchants etc.

The degree of violence and cruelty of war has changed continuously according to circumstances and situations. You can not say, unfortunately, that with the development of civilization, it becomes less bloody. In primitive cultures the wars were highly ritualized: in some American Indian tribes one could hit the opponent with a stick, in the Philippines the oratorical competitions ie the war of words made the things very easy. It is so unfortunate that today in contemporary society we do not discriminate terrorist attacks and devastating carpet bombing. In the Middle Ages knights would fight few wars and may not kill more than a meager, countable number of rivals. The savage massacres in the modern world wars or the wars fought in the name of religion severely surpass the devastation.In 1800s the wars had a limited human cost, and most of the people were not even involved, while in 1900s we had the greatest tragedies of military history. The 2000s will display more devastation, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are just recent examples. Peace was never a priority for those who wanted to implement the policies through use of force.

In any case, private violence being against the law is never given protection. But the violence of war by virtue of being sponsored by the state, is not only protected rather justified and gives birth to its own laws, called the "laws of war"

Aim is to achieve peaceful reunification,

It promises of non-military exercise,

The cross-strait personnel exchanges

Promotion of economic and cultural ties.,

Establishment of cross-strait direct communication as soon as possible,

Establish the trade links with mutual cooperation.

China’s main land has a socialist system where as Taiwan has capitalist system. After the unification that system will be retained by Taiwan and will merge with main land slowly and gradually over a period of time.

Taiwan will enjoy a high degree of autonomy after unification. The central government, the administration and the military will not be disturbed

The resolution of Taiwanese issue is the internal matter of of the Chinese people and only they are going to settle it. There is no need of any foreign interference in this matter. The Chinese government has strictly followed this policy and hopefully Taiwan government will also find the solution within the ambit of this policy, this policy has been reiterated time and again by successive Chines governments before the the world and Taiwan also.

The Chinese government strictly denounces the use of force to settle an issue. It always prefers peaceful measure to resolve the issue of Taiwan. However china has never promised not to use force. It reserves the right to use any means deemed appropriate to settle this issue if need be. As long as the US government and the world as whole supports Taiwan authorities but keep in mind that Taiwan is an integral part of china and PRC is the only legal government of china, there will be no friction between the foreign countries and China. However the Taiwanese authorities are expected to think and act within the scope of on china. The concept of independent Taiwan will not be acceptable to china at any cost.

The reunification of Taiwan with china will be beneficial to people of both the lands. When the Chinese speak to the Taiwanese authorities, they always talk of one country china and its indivisible sovereignty and territorial integrity. This is the basic premise on which further dialogue can be developed to achieve global peace.

According to all records in the period between the two world wars, Prague was the cultural center probably unrepeatable millieu, during which the Czech, German and Jewish culture coexisted in a constructive peace. Writers like Franz Kafka and Max Brod Prague created a circle that frequently met at the Café Arco, where peronalities like Franz Werfel and EE Kisch.used to come often. Franz Werfel and Franz Kafka quickly made inroads into the world of literature, and introduce Hasek's "Good Soldier Schweik" and the music of Leos Janacek to German audiences.

A person having a positive outlook on life in the Masaryk Czechoslovakia was a composer Oskar Morawetz, and recently we have heard about George Brady from two survivors of one hundred Terezín prisoners of war.George Brady was a person who inspired the book and now movie 'Inside Hana's Suitcase ' has also been made on the same subject. Another person John Freund, the author of' Once Again 'and' valley of the shadow of death ' and got fame due to the documentary film' I Will Not Die ' is worth considering.

Jews in Czechoslovakia after the Munich Agreement

If it were true that after the Munich Agreement the anti semitism grew rapidly in Czechoslovakia, it is difficult to explain the reason. At the invitation of the Czechoslovak National Council in London, President Benes called up on the reservists in Allied and neutral countries signed up a large number of Jews for the Czechoslovak Army. That included 2000 Czech Jews in Palestine. Later, some units in the division of Czechoslovakia in the Soviet Union consisted of about 70% Jews.

Punishment of Sudeten Germans after the war

The punishment meted out to the Sudeten Germans in Czechoslovakia after the war was regrettable, though no punishment to which the Sudeten Germans were exposed matched the scale and brutality of Nazi‘s actions against the Jews.: All the men were gunned down in the entire villages and thier honmes were burned. Examples in Czechoslovakia are the villages of Lidice and Lager in some cases the number of Sudeten Germans who suffered equalled the fate of Jewish members of the Czech nation who suffered in Bohemia and Moravia:

A summery of Jews who suffered is as follows:

Number of Jews deported: 80,614

Number of Jews who survived Theresienstadt: 6, 392

Number of Jews murdered in concentration camps: 64 172.

Registered as returnees at the end of war: 10,000 Jews.

The Jews who were deported, 5,201 were either executed or committed suicide or died of natural causes. Only 2208 Jews could survive.

My Opinion

Good days and bad days for a nation or a community do not come at the pleasure and wish of the people concerned. These are subject to the force of history and the good or bad policies made by the people. The Jews suffered in Europe at the hands of Nazis and got a land of their own after the World War II. Without going in to the justification or otherwise of carving out a country on the lands occupied by other people, the fact is that both the nations, the Jews and the Arabs, have to co-exist mutually. There is no going back in the time and history. The global peace has been kept hostage to the self-centered policies of Israelis and their patrons. The onus of promoting peace lies with the Israelis as they are on the giving end and are at present being supported by the sole super power and the world states as well. If the Israelis do not learn lesson from the history and keep doing with Palestinians with impunity what the Nazis had done with them seventy years ago, let them know that bad times may not be very far away. The force of history never excuses anyone, it takes its own course.